People with end-stage renal disease rely on dialysis as a necessity for survival. It cleans blood and eliminates excess blood volume from the body when the renal system is compromised. Dialysis substantially enhances the quality of life of a patient; however, it is associated with several problems. Understanding the complications of dialysis helps the patient and their family manage their health better. This article focuses on dialysis complications, their causes, symptoms, and ways to avoid them.
Understanding Dialysis and Its Importance
Dialysis is a treatment that takes over the filtration process of the kidneys. It eliminates toxins and unnecessary fluids from the bloodstream and helps keep the electrolytes in a healthy state. There are two types of dialysis; Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis. While both are effective treatment options, some risks are often linked to hemodialysis.
The dialysis cost is often high, making treatment harder to get for many patients. Being aware of the side effects associated with dialysis is important for patients. It allows them to be proactive in their treatment choices. Patients looking for a good quality dialysis center in Delhi or in Vikas Puri junction can find many reputable options in the area.
1. Infection
Infection is one of the most common complications of dialysis. Hemodialysis requires creating a hole somewhere in the body to connect the patient’s blood to the dialysis machine. Such entry points increase a patient’s chances of bacteremia. Patients should look for possible signs of infections which may consist of:
● Swelling,
● redness or
● warmth over the access site
● Sudden rise in temperature and shivers
Most of such infections will require treatment with antibiotics. Proper cleansing techniques combined with shielding the access point can help avoid infections considerably.
2. Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure)
Hypotension is one of the major dialysis side effects. It takes place when a lot of fluid is taken out of the body in a very short time resulting in low blood pressure. This decrease may lead to several signs and symptoms such as;
● Pain in the abdomen
● The feeling of nausea, sometimes followed by vomiting
● Dizziness or loss of consciousness
● Leg cramps
To deal with hypotension, it is important to follow fluid restriction guidelines before and after dialysis treatments. Such restriction minimizes the chances of the patient experiencing low blood pressure from the treatment.
3. Electrolyte Imbalances
Dialysis not only eliminates bodily waste but also alters the balance of electrolytes in the body. An imbalance may result in several complications such as hypokalemia, which is a condition of decreased potassium. This condition may present with symptoms, for example:
● Tiredness
● Lassitude
● Muscle twitching
● Abnormal heart rhythm
In most patients, following the prescribed diet is sufficient for maintaining normal electrolyte levels. A few, like diabetes patients or patients on certain medications, may do it more carefully.
4. Fluid Overload
Fluid overload takes place when there is an excessive retention of fluid within the body. Symptoms of this condition include but are not limited to:
● Difficulty breathing
● Swelling of the lower limbs, ankle regions, or even the face
● Elevated blood readings
Hydration plays a fundamental role in managing and avoiding fluid overload. Patients must record all the fluid intake consumed on a daily basis and notify the nephrologist if any signs or symptoms are present.
5. Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS)
Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS) is an infrequent complications of dialysis however it is more serious. It is usually seen in patients who are just starting hemodialysis. DDS is quite common in patients who are undergoing treatment for the first time. It consists of feeling unwell with what is referred to as the rapid removal of toxins by the body causing excessive swelling of the brain (cerebral edema). Symptoms may include:
● Debilitating fatigue
● Nausea and vomiting
● Headaches
● Alteration of personality
Most patients diagnosed with DDS do well and improve with time and no further treatment is needed as their bodies get used to dialysis. Nevertheless, in acute cases, medication to alleviate symptoms may be necessary.
Conclusion
Dialysis is a fundamental healthcare procedure for End Stage Kidney Diseases, however, it has its side effects. Both patients and caregivers need to be aware of the risks associated with dialysis. Understanding the signs and management of such complications will help the patients live comfortably and increase their longevity.
For those coping with these, finding a good dialysis center in Delhi is very important. These patients should always be in contact with the concerned doctor for prompt resolution of any issue. UK Nursing Home is among the centre offering dialysis in Vikas Puri, and if you are looking for a trusted centre with reputed doctors contact us right away.
